足球中的“越位”、“点球”,要怎么翻译?
FIFA World Cup Trophy
大力神杯世界杯自1930年举办至今共有过两座奖杯。从第一届到第九届,使用的是雷米特杯(Jules Rimet Trophy)。按照规定,第一支三次赢得世界杯的球队将可以永久保留雷米特杯,1970年,巴西做到了这一点。
Host country
东道主2022世界杯的主办国是中东国家卡塔尔(Qatar)。这是历史上首次在中东国家境内举行、也是第二次在亚洲举行的世界杯足球赛。
Mascot
吉祥物国际足联和卡塔尔公布了2022卡塔尔世界杯足球赛的吉祥物——La’eeb, 中文名是“拉伊卜”,La’eeb在阿拉伯语中意思是“技艺高超的球员(super-skilled player)”,它是青春永驻的,来自“吉祥物宇宙”的产物,希望把足球的快乐带给每一个人。
Qatar and FIFA have unveiled Laeeb as the Official Mascot for this years FIFA World Cup 2022™.
网友们也议论纷纷,展开了自己的想象:“水母小美”“小馄饨皮”“阿拉伯飞毯”……
据悉,吉祥物的灵感源于阿拉伯人标志性的白头巾(gutra),很有中东特色。官方还说到La’eeb是一个虚拟形象,可以根据自己的想象变成任何的样子。
What at first glance has the appearance of a gutra, a cloth headdress worn in Qatar, the mascot is not meant to have a fixed anthropomorphic identity, according to the marketing team that created it.
吉祥物的设计团队称,乍一看,吉祥物的外观像卡塔尔人戴的白头巾(gutra),但它并不意味着有特定的拟人化身份。
He belongs to a parallel mascot-verse that is indescribable – everyone is invited to interpret what it looks like. Laeeb encourages everyone to believe in themselves as "Now is All". He will bring the joy of football to everyone.
FIFA官网称,它属于一个难以形容的吉祥物平行宇宙——每个人都被邀请来诠释它的样子。Laeeb鼓励每个人都相信自己,因为“此刻就是一切”。它将把足球的快乐带给每一个人。
FIFA World Cup Qualification
世界杯预选赛
世界杯预选赛是已经报名的国际足联会员国(地区)为了参加世界杯所进行的本大洲淘汰制比赛,将在欧洲区、南美区、中北美及加勒比地区、亚洲区、非洲区、大洋洲区6个大区进行。
206 teams from six confederations began with a dream of reaching the 2022 World Cup.
六大赛区共有206支队伍争夺2022年卡塔尔世界杯参赛资格。The qualification phase ended in March 2022. As always happens, the host nation qualified automatically.
预选赛阶段在2022年3月结束。按照惯例,主办国卡塔尔自动获得参赛资格。除去东道主卡塔尔自动获得参赛资格以外,其他31支球队通过参加预选赛获得参赛资格。
小组赛/淘汰赛
Group stage/knockout phase世界杯小组赛的32支参赛队抽签分为八个小组,每组四队进行比赛,小组赛共进行48场比赛。每支球队都必须和其他三支球队进行且只进行一场比赛,胜、平、负分别积3、1、0分。
The World Cup group stage will whittle the field for the tournament down from 32 teams to 16, with the top two teams in each group advancing to the knockout phase.
世界杯小组赛将从32支球队中选出“16强”,每个小组的前两名晋级淘汰赛。淘汰赛每个阶段只进行一场比赛,获胜方直接晋级,失败就会被淘汰(半决赛获胜两队进入决赛,失利的两队争夺第三名)。
Extra time
加时赛If a victor has not been declared after two 45-minute halves during the elimination rounds of the World Cup, the game goes to extra time.
在世界杯淘汰赛中,如果90分钟比赛结束后双方打平,比赛将进入加时赛。After regulation has been completed and the two teams remain tied, there is a five-minute break before extra time begins.
在常规时间结束后,两队保持平局,则在休息5分钟后进行加时赛。Extra time in the World Cup consists of two 15-minute sessions, with a one-minute break in between. The full 30 minutes of extra time is played in its entirety.
世界杯加时赛上下半场各15分钟,中间有1分钟休息时间。世界杯加时赛须踢满30分钟。Penalty shootout
点球大战If the score remains tied after both of the 15-minute extra time sessions, the two teams then go to penalty kicks.
如果在两个15分钟的加时赛之后比分仍然持平,两队将进行点球决胜。The best-of-five shootout features one-on-one situations between the kicker and the opposing goalkeeper. Teams must use different kickers for each attempt, alternating attempts with the opposing team. Kicks are taken from the penalty mark, which is 12 yards from the goal.
五轮点球大战的特点是踢点球球员和对方门将之间开展一对一较量。球队必须每次安排不同球员踢点球,双方球队交替进行。射门位置位于距离球门12码的罚球点。Once the shootout lead is insurmountable, the game is over. If still tied through five rounds of penalty kicks, the shootout goes to sudden death. The first team to have an advantage after a completed round is declared the winner of the game.
一旦一方进球处于绝对领先,对方无法反超,则比赛宣布结束。如果五轮点球结束,双方仍未分出胜负,则采用“突然死亡法”加罚:即双方继续罚点球,直至某一轮结束后,一方取得优势(一方罚进而另一方未罚进),便赢得本场比赛胜利。
在常规比赛中,罚点球时,允许本方队员补射。而在点球大战中,主罚队员只有一次射门机会,被横梁立柱挡出或被门将扑出等都算做罚丢。Injury Time
伤停补时Sometimes called Stoppage Time, occasionally referred to as Added Time, Injury Time in association football is the time that the referee adds to the end of each half of a game.
也可以翻译为“Stoppage Time,Added Time”。在足球比赛中,指裁判在比赛的每半场结束时增加的比赛时间。通常足球比赛都有伤停补时,而时间都不一定,计算方式是由主裁判决定的。
Offside
越位11月22日晚,世界杯小组赛C组,由阿根廷队对阵沙特阿拉伯队,这是梅西在本届世界杯上的首次亮相。梅西领衔的阿根廷队在先得1分的情况下,惨遭沙特队逆转,以1:2输给了沙特队,爆出本届世界杯开赛以来的最大冷门。
Saudi Arabia pulled off one of the biggest upsets in World Cup history on Tuesday with a 2-1 victory over Argentina。
沙特阿拉伯队2-1战胜阿根廷队,上演了世界杯历史上最不可思议的逆转之一。这场比赛中,阿根廷队的三个进球因为越位被取消。越位(offside)是指在进攻方传球球员起脚的瞬间,接球球员站在比倒数第二名防守球员距离球门更近的位置,同时比球距离对方球门更近,并试图借此位置准备进攻。越位情况下的进球无效。
Adidas Gold Boot 世界杯金靴奖(这是国际足联授予每届世界杯决赛阶段进球数最多的球员的荣誉。由于该奖项是由阿迪达斯公司出资赞助,因此冠以Adidas的名称)
Hat trick 帽子戏法(指参赛者在同一场比赛中独中三元、连续三次得分的佳绩。其在足球比赛中的具体含意就是在一场比赛中,一名队员踢进对方球门三个球)
Own goal 乌龙(“乌龙球”又名“杀人球”,最早源于英语的“OWN GOAL”一词,意为“自进本方球门的球”,后来中国球迷根据这个单词的发音,将其称为“乌龙球”)
The group of death 死亡之组
eg. During this phase, people often use the expression ‘the group of death’ to refer to a group that stands out because it has more talented teams than any other.
在这一阶段,人们经常用“死亡之组”这个词来指代那些强队集中的小组。
Favorite 比赛中被看好的球队或队员
eg. This year may be a little different, however, as many of the teams that would usually be considered the favorites to win, for example Italy, Chile and Cameroon, did not qualify for the tournament.
然而,今年可能会有一点不同,因为很多球队通常被认为是夺冠的热门球队,比如意大利、智利和喀麦隆,却没有取得世界杯的参赛资格。
其他足球相关词汇
主场/客场 Home/ Away
禁区(球门区与罚球区) Box
角球 Corner
界外球 Throw-in
暂停 Time out
扳平比分的得分 Equalizer
平局 Draw来源:MSN,FIFA官网,奥林匹克官网,外研社Unipus、中国日报