Sixth Tone精读 | 河南女教师网课后猝死， “网课爆破”从何而来？
原标题：Sixth Tone精读 | 河南女教师网课后猝死， “网课爆破”从何而来？
【导读】
近期，黑客、网爆者入侵网课的悲剧将人们的视线再次聚焦到了公共网络安全之中。10月28日，河南省新郑市第三中学的一名历史教师上完网课后在家中猝死。录屏显示，在她最后一节课上，有不明黑客侵入网课的线上会议室，恶意破坏网课纪律，通过语音辱骂、共享屏幕干扰课件投屏等多种方式干扰直播。
“Just before Liu Hanbo died, hackers repeatedly targeted her online class to hurl abuse, play loud music, and spam the chat window.”
【原文泛读】
这一部分是无注释全文，您可以选择先泛读再看下一部分的[逐段精读]部分，也可以直接划到下一部分边读原文边看讲解。
Cyberbullies, a Teacher’s Death,
and a Classroom Seeking Answers
SixthTone
By the time building staff gained access to Liu Hanbo’s apartment on Oct. 31, she showed no vital signs. Doctors found that Liu, a history teacher at Xinzheng No. 3 High School in the central Henan province, had suffered a heart attack which led to her “sudden death.”
The conclusion shocked her family. According to her husband Chen Ming, Liu had always been in good health, and in more than 20 years of teaching, no underlying heart diseases had ever been detected in physicals.
The day after her body was found, he came across videos her students had posted of her last online class. That’s when he learned that since mid-October, a group of users calling themselves baopo lieshou, which literally translates as “bombers and hunters,” had repeatedly gatecrashed her online classes on DingTalk — a conference call app used in online classrooms.
Over the course of several days, they barged into her online classes where they shared their screens and unmuted their mics to hurl abuse at Liu, played loud music, and spammed the chat window.
The hunters did it again on October 28 — the day doctors said she died.
On Nov. 2, Liu’s daughter alleged on Weibo, China’s microblogging platform, that her mother died of cyberbullying at the hands of those trolls. The post went viral, was shared over 200,000 times, and sparked an outcry online.
The same day, Xinzheng City’s education bureau announced that authorities had ruled out foul play in her death but that they were looking into reports that she had been cyberbullied.
Over the last two years across China, Liu Hanbo’s case isn’t an isolated one. And the surge in online classes in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic has further burdened teachers, particularly those who struggle with software.
Colleges have fallen victim, too. On Sept. 5, trolls disrupted online classes at Shenyang Urban Construction University in the northeastern Liaoning province. They unmuted themselves and then wrote out “I love you, teacher” while blasting music.
Fu Jian, the head of the Zejin law firm in Henan, believes that the case may constitute the crime of “picking quarrels and provoking troubles,” or potentially the crime of serious public insult.
According to the latest updates, Liu’s daughter posted that the Zhengzhou authorities and the education bureau were “highly concerned” about the matter. On the morning of Nov. 3, DingTalk had also said that relevant personnel were looking into the incident and that they plan to cooperate with police investigations.
【逐段精读】
Cyberbullies, a Teacher’s Death,
and a Classroom Seeking Answers
SixthTone
By the time building staff gained access to Liu Hanbo’s apartment on Oct. 31, she showed no vital signs. Doctors found that Liu, a history teacher at Xinzheng No. 3 High School in the central Henan province, had suffered a heart attack which led to her “sudden death.”
The conclusion shocked her family. According to her husband Chen Ming, Liu had always been in good health, and in more than 20 years of teaching, no underlying heart diseases had ever been detected in physicals.
vital sign
• vital除了表示“~ (for/to sth)necessary or essential in order for sth to succeed or exist，必不可少的”，还可以表示“生命的；生气勃勃的”。
• vital sign是固定搭配，表示“生命体征（如呼吸、体温、心搏等）”。
physical
我们对physical作adj.时，表“身体的；物质的”这一用法十分熟悉。这里需要注意的是，physical也可以直接作n.，表示“体检”。
The day after her body was found, he came across videos her students had posted of her last online class. That’s when he learned that since mid-October, a group of users calling themselves baopo lieshou（爆破猎手）, which literally translates as “bombers and hunters,”had repeatedly gatecrashedher online classes on DingTalk（钉钉）— a conference call app used in online classrooms.
Over the course of several days, they barged intoher online classes where they shared their screensand unmuted their micsto hurl abuse atLiu, played loud music, and spammed the chat window.
The hunters did it again on October 28 — the day doctors said she died.
gatecrush
这个词十分形象，由“gate”＋“crush”组成，让人有一种“破门而入”的感觉。它的意思也正是“未获邀请而参加（或出席）；做（聚会等的）不速之客”。
• Panic set in as gatecrasherstried to force their way through the narrow doors and corridors.
当不速之客们奋力挤向狭窄的门和走廊时，人们开始恐慌。
barge
CET6 | IELTS
v. to move in an awkward way, pushing people out of the way or crashing into them 冲撞；乱闯
• Students tried to barge intothe secretariat buildings.
学生们试图闯进秘书处大楼。
hurl
CET6 | 考研 | GRE
vt. ~ abuse, accusations, insults, etc. (at sb) to shout insults, etc. at sb 大声说出（辱骂或斥责等）
• Rival fans hurled abuse ateach other. 两帮对立的球迷相互高声辱骂。
spam the chat window
• spam的英文释义为“In computing, to spam people or organizations means to send unwanted e-mail to a large number of them, usually as advertising. ”也就是我们常说的“群发垃圾邮件”。
• the chat window指“聊天窗口”。
On Nov. 2, Liu’s daughter alleged on Weibo, China’s microblogging platform, that her mother died of cyberbullying（网络欺凌) at the hands of those trolls. The post went viral, was shared over 200,000 times, and sparked an outcry online.
The same day, Xinzheng City’s education bureauannounced that authorities had ruled out foul playinher death but that they were looking into reports that she had been cyberbullied.
allege
CET6 | 考研 | GRE
• allege作动词，英文释义为“( formal ) to state sth as a fact but without giving proof ，”即“（未提出证据）断言，指称，声称”。
• 使用时需要注意，“be alleged to do”的句型仅用于被动语态。
• He is alleged to have mistreated the prisoners. 他被指控虐待犯人。
microblogging platform
根据维基百科的释义，“ Microbloggingis a broadcast medium in the form of blogging. A microblog differs from a traditional blogin that its content is typically smallerin both actual and aggregate file size.”在这里可以注意一下如何向别人介绍微博。
troll
• Troll是一种网络俚语，常见于任意英文网络论坛和其余英文文化圈中。Troll的原始含义是山怪以及一种名为撒网的钓鱼技术，最初作为网络用语是描述在公共论坛等讨论区故意用激烈的言辞引起别人进行没有意义的争论的行为，即“a message to a discussion group on the Internet that sb deliberately sends to make other people angry; a person who sends a message like this ”，后来释义延伸为几乎所有做出令人厌恶举止的行为，不论主动还是被动的。这个词语若要翻译成中文，会根据具体情况而指代中文网络文化圈的 “钓鱼”、“引战”、“洗版”、“刷屏”、“菜鸟”。
rule out
释义为“To eliminate, prevent, preclude, or cancel someone or something as a possibility，排除...的可能性”。
foul play
foul play这个短语的意思是“不正当的行为；非法的暴力行径”。
• She discovered that thieves had broken in, and other neighbors had reported similar incidences of foul-play.
她发现小偷破门而入，其他邻居也有类似遭遇。
• There’s another dead body, another suggestion of foul play, another growing heap of circumstantial evidence that point to a culprit who knew the corpse intimately.
——David Fear, Rolling Stone, 13 Oct. 2022
Colleges have fallen victim, too. On Sept. 5, trolls disrupted online classes at Shenyang Urban Construction University in the northeastern Liaoning province. They unmuted themselves and then wrote out “I love you, teacher” while blasting music.
blast
CET6 | 考研 | GRE
v.~ (sth) (out) to make a loud unpleasant noise, especially music 发出刺耳的高音，轰鸣（尤指音乐）
• Music suddenly blasted outfrom the speakers. 喇叭中突然响起了轰鸣的音乐。
Fu Jian, the head of the Zejin law firm in Henan, believes that the case may constitutethe crime of “picking quarrels and provoking troubles（寻衅滋事）,”or potentially the crime of serious public insult.
According to the latest updates, Liu’s daughter posted that the Zhengzhou authorities and the education bureau were “highly concerned” about the matter. On the morning of Nov. 3, DingTalk had also said that relevant personnel were looking into the incidentand that they plan to cooperate withpolice investigations.
词语辨析之“组成；构成”：
compose, consist of, comprise, constitute
1.compose
①在表示 “由……材料构成”时，见于 被动语态；
• Concrete is composed ofcement, sand and gravel mixed with water. 混凝土由水泥、砂、石子与水掺和而构成。
②在用于 主动语态时，一般它所表示的“构成”或“组成”总包含着融合为一，而且主语或者是复数名词或者是集体名词。• England, Scotland and Wales composethe island of Great Britain. 英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士构成大不列颠岛。
2.consist of = be composed of
需要注意的是，consist of 不能用于被动结构。
• The committee consists often members.
委员会由十人组成。
3.comprise在表示“构成”时，其内涵是 “包括”或“覆盖”。
• These houses do not compriseall his property.
这些房产并没有构成他的全部财产。
4.constitute的主语可以是复数名词也可以是单数名词，所“构成”的事物在 属性和特征上，亦或在组织上，与组成成分是 一致的。
• Seven days constitutesa week. 七天构成一个星期。
【重点回顾】
1.“生命体征”、“体检"怎么说？
2.这些“爆破猎手”做了什么？
①gatecrashed her online classes
②barged into her online classes
③hurl abuse at sb.
④spammed the chat window
⑤blast music
3.怎么描述微博？
4.“网络霸凌”、“引战”等用英语如何表达？
5.rule out foul play是什么意思？
6.如何区分“compose, consist of, comprise, constitute”？
越努力，越幸运 返回搜狐，查看更多
责任编辑：
