原创 主谓一致：就远原则、不定式、动名词、表时间、金钱、数额、集体名词等名词
原标题：主谓一致：就远原则、不定式、动名词、表时间、金钱、数额、集体名词等名词
Seven Advanced Rules of Subject-Verb Agreement:
主谓一致的七条高级语法规则：
Rule 1:
◆ MORE THAN ONE… and MANY A… take a singular verb even though they express a plural meaning.
◆ 如果主语是由MORE THAN ONE + 单数名词（不止一个） 或者MANY A + 单数名词（许多）构成，尽管表达的是复数意义，谓语动词采用单数形式。
★ Many a man has been destroyed by drink.
★ 好多人都毁在了饮酒上。
★ Many a mother tries to act out her unrealized dreams through her daughter.
★ 有许多母亲都寄希女儿实现自己未竟的梦想。
★ More than one worker has been dismissed.
★ 被解雇的工人不止一个。
Rule 2: 就远原则
◆ Certain word groups such as WITH, TOGETHER WITH, ALONG WITH, BESIDES, IN ADDITION TO, AS WELL AS, INCLUDING, ACCOMPANIED BY, RATHER THAN when they appear along with the noun subject, they do not affect the number of the noun.
◆ 某些词组，如WITH, TOGETHER WITH, ALONG WITH, BESIDES, IN ADDITION TO, AS WELL AS, INCLUDING, ACCOMPANIED BY, RATHER THAN, 当主语后面出现这些词组时，动词与名词主语保持一致，不受这些词的影响。
★ She with her friends goes shopping.
★ 她和她的朋友们逛街去了。
★ The mayor, with his assistant, is present in the room.
★ 市长和他的助手都在房间里。
★ Andy, together with all the members of his family, is going for Europe this afternoon.
★ 安迪和家里的所有成员将于今天下午启程去欧洲。
★ My brother along with my sister-in-law has come.
★ 我哥哥和我嫂子一起来了。
★ Interest, as well as prospects, is important when one looks for a job.
★ 我们找工作时，兴趣和前途都很重要。
★ Silver as well as gold has demand in the market.
★ 白银和黄金均在市场上有需求。
★ Excitement, as well as nervousness, is the cause of her shaking.
★ 兴奋和紧张，是她发抖的原因。
Rule 3: 不定式和动名词作主语时的主谓一致
◆ When infinitives or gerunds are used as the subject of a sentence, they take the singular form of the verb; but, when they are linked by AND, they take the plural form.
◆ 不定式和动名词作主语时，动词用单数形式，但有AND连接多个不定式或动名词作主语时，动词用复数形式。
★ To learn good habits is a matter of concern.
★ 学习好的习惯是一个值得关注的问题。
★ Writing stories is what I enjoy most.
★ 写故事是我最喜欢做的事。
★ Singing and playing flute are my hobbies.
★ 唱歌和吹长笛是我的业余爱好。
★ Reading novels and solving equation are different assignments.
★ 读小说和解方程式是不同的作业。
★ To listen to fine music and to have stimulating conversation with good friends are two pleasures in life.
★ 听优美的音乐及与好友饶有趣味地交谈是人生的两大乐事。
◆ 但当并列的动名词或不定式指同一概念或事情时，谓语动词用单数形式：
★ Weeping and wailing does nothing towards solving the problem.
★ 恸哭悲泣对解决此问题无济于事。
Rule 4:
◆ When a plural noun denoting a period of time, amounts of money, or quantities is considered as a single unit, singular verbs are used.
◆ 当复数名词表示时间段、金钱数额或数量作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
★ Twenty kilometers seems like a long walk for me.
★ 对我来说，20公里的步行路程似乎很远。
★ Five years in prison is the penalty he has to pay.
★ 五年的监禁是他应得的惩罚。
★ Another three weeks is necessary for us to finish the job.
★ 我们还需要三个星期来完成这项工作。
★ Ten dollars for this book is a high price to pay.
★ 这本书售价10美元，价格很高。
★ Ten thousand dollars is quite a large sum.
★ 一万美金是数额相当大的一笔钱。
Rule 5: 以S结尾的名词或名词词组作主语时的主谓一致：
◆ Some nouns which are plural in form, but singular in meaning, take a singular verb.
◆ 以S结尾的表示学科或疾病的名词在形式上是复数，但在意义上是单数，动词用单数形式：mathematics数学、 ethics伦理学、 economics经济学、 electronics电子学、 physics物理学、acoustics音响学、 linguistics语言学、 optics光学、politics政治学、statistics统计学、 measles麻疹、 mumps腮腺炎、 diabetes糖尿病、 tuberculosis结核、 bronchitis支气管炎、hepatitis肝炎
★ Mathematics is an interesting subject.
★ 数学是一门有趣的学科。
★ Linguistics is quite complicated.
★ 语言学相当复杂。
★ Measles is a kind of infectious disease.
★ 麻疹是一种传染性疾病。
★ Diabetes is caused by a fault in the insulin production of the body.
★ 糖尿病是由体内胰岛素分泌失调引起的。
★ Hepatitis is transmitted by blood transfusion.
★ 输血可传播肝炎。
Rule 5:
◆ The title of books or magazines is considered singular and takes a singular verb.
◆ 书籍或杂志名称作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
★ The Arabian Night is a book known to lovers of English.
★ 《一千零一夜》是英语爱好者熟知的一本书。
★ The Canterbury Tales was written by Chaucer.
★ 《坎特伯雷故事集》是乔叟写的。
★ Wuthering Heights is a central book in the canon of English literature.
★ 《呼啸山庄》是英国文学原著经典中非常重要的一部作品。
Rule 6:
◆ 表示姓氏的专有名词词尾加S，前面再加定冠词THE，表示一家人作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
★ The Smiths were having their breakfast when Andy arrived.
★ 安迪到的时候，史密斯一家正在吃早餐。
Rule 7: 集体名词
◆ Some collective nouns can take a singular or plural verb depending on its meaning in a sentence. A collective noun is singular when it refers to the group as a unit and plural when it refers to the individual members.
◆ 一些集体名词的动词可用单数，也可用复数，取决于该名词在句子中的含义。表示整体时，动词用单数，表示个体成员时，动词用复数。例如，army军队、audience观众、public公众、band乐队、choir合唱团、class班级、club俱乐部、committee委员会、crew全体工作人员、crowd人群、faculty全体教职工、family家、staff全体职工、government政府、jury陪审团、team 队、pride狮群、herd牧群。
★ The audience was larger than usual and the concert was a success. – is thought of as a single unit
★ 来的观众比平时多，这场音乐会很成功。- 被视为一个整体
★ The audience were all clapping wildly! - is thought of as a collection of individuals
★ 观众都在疯狂地鼓掌! - 被视为每个个体
★ His family is large.
★ 他有一个大家庭。- 被视为一个整体
★ His family have given him their full support.
★ 他的家人给予了他充分的支持。- 被视为每个个体
★ The pride of lions was resting in the shade of a tree.
★ 那群狮子在树荫下休息。- 被视为一个整体
★ The herd were tagged and vaccinated against common illnesses. - 被视为每个个体
★ 牧群被贴了标签、接种了常见疾病疫苗。
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